Astrogeophysics: T.G. Barnes, D.Sc.; H.S. Slusher Ph.D., D.Sc.; C.A. Paiva, M.S.

[PLEASE USE CONTROL (+) FOR ZOOM AND CONTROL (0) FOR NORMAL VIEW].To see other BSMRA sites the BSM Research Associates Integrated Websites Selection. Also please use the included PDFs and WORD files for higher resolution if desired. With regards to doppler interpretation for spectral absorption and emission lines, it is not possible for electromagnetic waves to propagate through interstellar and intergalactic space (filled with hydrogen and helium transmission fields) without substantial loss of amplitude and wavelength. The assumption of an expanding universe based on the doppler interpretations of spectral redshifts is, due to the ignoring of the propagation physics resulting in absorption and scattering by interplanetary, interstellar, intergalactic and inter-galactic cluster transmission fields. As the tension of the universe decreases (in accordance with the Second Law of Thermodynamics) the square root of the ratio of tension-to-density (i.e. velocity of light) also decreases. Another result is the elongation of electromagnetic wave propagation falsely interpreted as a doppler velocity shift. Stretching universe field lines increase tension which result in an increase of total electromagnetic frequency and decrease of wavelengths observed, while decreased tension has the opposite effect So-called emission and absorption spectral "reddening" effects are really functions of electromagnetic re-emission at longer wavelengths. The electromagnetic wavelength increases are not the result of a doppler velocity effects, but rather physical electro-optical results. The electromagnetic extinction in intergalactic and inter-galactic cluster space is the result of the characteristics of the intergalactic and inter-galactic cluster transmission fields. Super-galactic cluster collisions occurring along Geller Shocks Zones (GSZ) generate exceedingly high intergalactic temperatures, and result in the generation of gamma and X-rays. These high-frequency transmission fields further affect the intergalactic transmission field's propagation characteristics to the extent that extinction is increased through interference. Galaxies of super clusters forming around Geller Shock Zones are located within 100 million-degree Celsius hydrogen and helium gas clouds. These intergalactic gas clouds absorb, scatter and re-transmit radiation, the propagation of which includes light (.398 -. 780 microns). This generates the impression of velocity doppler effects, and yet has nothing to do with assumed galaxy expansion processes. For example concentrations of 10-20 million-degree gas fields have been observed surrounding large galaxies clusters of NGC 4889 and NGC 4874, resulting in an incorrect assumption of doppler velocities to spectral line shifts; such line shifting being functions of transmission through very hot hydrogen and helium intergalactic space near galaxy cluster compression zones. The images shown below from Dr. Halton Arp's catalogue and re-processed here (BSM Research Associates) reveal galaxy disintegration processes, which further add to the intergalactic dust and the hydrogen-helium gas fields within galactic clusters. Galaxies are always in clusters of galaxies found along Geller nodal compression zones. An expanding universe model is proven neither by astrophysical field data, nor by electromagnetic propagation physics. Electromagnetic absorption, scattering and re-transmission of radiation in the REAL universe are based on a decreasing Integrated Field System (IFS) line tension. This results in a reduction in cumulative observed wavelengths across broadband transmission. Another caution: Earth is neither at the center of the Solar System nor at the center of this galaxy. THIS SITE ALSO INCLUDES THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO (PHYSICS DEPARTMENT) THOMAS G. BARNES AND HAROLD S. SLUSHER FILES KEYS: Messier 66 M65; Arp 317

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Name: : Clifford A. Paiva

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[PLEASE USE CONTROL (+) FOR ZOOMS AND CONTROL (0) FOR NORMAL VIEW]. Large Scale Structures (Geller Shock Compression Zones) clearly reveal the presence of voids (magnetohydrodynamic rarefaction zones). This analysis was originally implemented by Dr. Lars Lindberg Christensen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. The zones in the immediate areas of the shock lines are in excess of 100 million degree-C. WITHIN the shock lines temperatures are yet to be determined. The surrounding area temperatures are 10-20 million deg-C. Folks interested in astrophysical heat processes from a Biblical perspective may reference: 2Pe 3:10: But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, in which the heavens will pass away with a roar and the elements will be destroyed with intense heat, and the earth and its works will be burned up. 2Pe 3:12: ...looking for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be destroyed by burning, and the elements will melt with intense heat!... Re 16:9: Men were scorched with fierce heat; and they blasphemed the name of God who has the power over these plagues, and they did not repent so as to give Him glory. The last statement from Revelation 16:9 may also be connected to the global heating and solar radiance and storm (sunspot ) frequency increases, also assessed in this website (please refere to the Sections listing). THIS SITE INCLUDES THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO (PHYSICS DEPARTMENT) THOMAS G. BARNES AND HAROLD S. SLUSHER FILES